Who are these High-Risk Patients that are candidates for CHIP Angioplasty? Advanced age Kidney failure Stroke with disability and narrowing of blood vessels supplying the brain Location of CAD including left main or bifurcated disease Challenging plague types including calcified or long lesions Coronary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO) Previous open heart surgery Advanced heart failure

Why TAVR Became A Revolutionary Popular Procedure? Aortic valve degenerates with ageing due to wear and tear. This happens usually beyond the age of 65 years. Many at that age have associated issues like previous heart surgery, kidney dysfunction, blocks in blood vessels supplying heart and brain, age-related frailty, lung problems etc. These issues make them a high risk for open-heart surgery. Initially, TAVR was indicated for high-risk patients but for the past 5 years is being used in intermediate-risk and selected low-risk cases also. Who are eligible to undergo TAVR procedure? High risk for open-heart surgery History of kidney or lung diseases and cannot undergo invasive procedures/surgery Having previous valve replacement surgery that gets narrowed again.

Angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure to open narrowed or blocked blood vessels, restoring normal blood flow to the heart. It effectively treats coronary artery disease, alleviating symptoms like chest pain and reducing the risk of heart attacks.